Haematological Features and Urologic Pathologies of Diabetic Subjects at Bafoussam Regional Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract EN

Background.

Diabetes mellitus is at the origin of long-term complications.

Objective.

This study is aimed at assessing the haematological features and urologic pathologies of diabetic individuals at Bafoussam Regional Hospital.

Methods.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted from August 2018 to May 2019 in Bafoussam Regional Hospital, West Cameroon.

A structured questionnaire was used to gather sociodemographic data.

A trained nurse measured the physical and clinical features.

Fasting plasma glucose was determined using the glucose meter Accu-Chek Active system.

The full blood count (FBC) was carried out using Automatic full Blood Counter, and the CD4, CD3, and CD8 T-cell counts were determined using the flow cytometry method.

Results.

There were 455 diabetic patients, and 50 nondiabetic patients were included.

The mean age of diabetic patients (56.94±14.33 years) was higher compared to that of nondiabetic individuals (34.76±14.35 years) (p<0.001).

There was a significant relationship between married individuals (χ2=79.19, p<0.001, and df=4), housewife and retired (χ2=1117.38, p<0.001, and df=37), old age (40 years and above) (χ2=79.11, p<0.001, and df=3), and diabetes status.

Diabetic patients had an odds of 5.52 to experience a urinary urge as compared to the controls (p<0.001, 95% CI=2.15-14.22).

The majority of haematological parameters were negatively but not significantly correlated with diabetes.

Binary logistic regression shows that MCV (r=−0.251, OR=0.778, and 95% CI=0.617–0.983; p=0.035) and RDW-CV (r=−0.477, OR=0.620, and 95% CI=0.454–0.848; p=0.003) negatively influence the probability of having diabetes.

RDW-SD (r=0.135, OR=1.144, and 95% CI=1.014–1.291; p=0.029) positively influences the probability of having diabetes.

Conclusion.

This study revealed a significant haematological and urological profile difference according to diabetes status.

Research and interventions targeted at diabetic population could help close gaps in diabetes complications.