Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell
Joint Authors
Hamdan, Sinin
Ngaini, Zainab
Abdul Aziz, Sharifah Mona
Wahi, Rafeah
Yahaya, Syamila Aimi
Source
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-03-13
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Microwave pyrolysis is a potential for producing alternative fuel from biomass, such as palm kernel shell (PKS).
However, the resulting microwave pyrolytic oil (bio-oil) was highly acidic and has low calorific value and therefore must undergo additional process to improve the physicochemical properties.
In this study, attempt was made to improve the pH and calorific value of bio-oil produced from PKS via esterification process.
The effect of esterification with ethanol in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst on selected biodiesel qualities was also investigated.
The esterification process has successfully improved the pH value from 3.37 to 5.09–5.12 and the calorific value was increased from 27.19 to 34.78–41.52 MJ/kg.
Conclusively, the EO has comparatively better properties in terms of its smell, pH, calorific value, and absence of environmentally undesirable compounds.
However, future works should include ASTM 6751 specifications tests for biodiesel to evaluate the bio-oil’s suitability for commercial use.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Abdul Aziz, Sharifah Mona& Wahi, Rafeah& Ngaini, Zainab& Hamdan, Sinin& Yahaya, Syamila Aimi. 2017. Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell. Journal of Chemistry،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1172424
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Abdul Aziz, Sharifah Mona…[et al.]. Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell. Journal of Chemistry No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1172424
American Medical Association (AMA)
Abdul Aziz, Sharifah Mona& Wahi, Rafeah& Ngaini, Zainab& Hamdan, Sinin& Yahaya, Syamila Aimi. Esterification of Microwave Pyrolytic Oil from Palm Oil Kernel Shell. Journal of Chemistry. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1172424
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1172424