Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City
Joint Authors
Murohara, Toyoaki
Hamrah, Mohammad Shoaib
Hamrah, Mohammad Hassan
Ishii, Hideki
Suzuki, Susumu
Hamrah, Mohammad Hussain
Hamrah, Ahmad Edris
Dahi, Ahmad Elias
Takeshita, Kyosuke
Yisireyili, Maimaiti
Hamrah, Mohammad Hashem
Fotouhi, Akbar
Sakamoto, Junichi
Source
International Journal of Hypertension
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-08-01
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
There is a relationship between mental and physical health.
Depression and anxiety are linked with the development of several chronic diseases.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult hypertensive outpatients in Afghanistan.
Methods.
Two hundred thirty-four consecutive hypertensive patients from December 2015 to August 2016 were recruited to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, which has scores for classifying the participants having anxiety and depression symptoms.
Results.
Of the total 234 patients, 81 (34.6%) were males and 153 (65.4%) were females.
The mean age was 54.6 ± 12.7 for the hypertensive patients with anxiety and 63.8 ± 15.0 for the hypertensive patients with depression while this figure was 49.5 ± 10.2 for the adult participants in general population in Kabul city (Saeed, 2013).
The prevalence of anxiety and depression (42.3% vs.
58.1%) among hypertensive persons is compared with the same mental disorders among Afghan refugees (39.3% vs.
22.1%) in Dalakee Refugee Camp (in Iran) (Hosseini Divkolaye and Burkle, 2017).
Of the total participants, 99 had anxiety (42.3%), 136 had depression (58.1%), and 66 had (28.2%) comorbid anxiety-depression.
Multivariate analysis was used.
For anxiety age, female gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association.
For depression, age and diabetes mellitus had a significant association, and for comorbid anxiety, depression, age, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association.
Conclusion.
This study shows that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among hypertensive patients in an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan.
There was an association between some sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and anxiety and depression.
More studies are needed on a national level to inform the development of strategies for the prevention and control of psychological distress among patients with chronic diseases in Afghanistan.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Hamrah, Mohammad Shoaib& Hamrah, Mohammad Hassan& Ishii, Hideki& Suzuki, Susumu& Hamrah, Mohammad Hussain& Hamrah, Ahmad Edris…[et al.]. 2018. Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City. International Journal of Hypertension،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1173215
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Hamrah, Mohammad Shoaib…[et al.]. Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City. International Journal of Hypertension No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1173215
American Medical Association (AMA)
Hamrah, Mohammad Shoaib& Hamrah, Mohammad Hassan& Ishii, Hideki& Suzuki, Susumu& Hamrah, Mohammad Hussain& Hamrah, Ahmad Edris…[et al.]. Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City. International Journal of Hypertension. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1173215
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1173215