![](/images/graphics-bg.png)
An Overview of the Intrinsic Role of Citrullination in Autoimmune Disorders
Joint Authors
Redwan, Elrashdy M.
Alghamdi, Mohammed
Alasmari, Doaa
Assiri, Amjad
Mattar, Ehab
Aljaddawi, Abdullah A.
Alattas, Sana G.
Source
Journal of Immunology Research
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-39, 39 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-11-25
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
39
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
A protein undergoes many types of posttranslation modification.
Citrullination is one of these modifications, where an arginine amino acid is converted to a citrulline amino acid.
This process depends on catalytic enzymes such as peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes (PADs).
This modification leads to a charge shift, which affects the protein structure, protein-protein interactions, and hydrogen bond formation, and it may cause protein denaturation.
The irreversible citrullination reaction is not limited to a specific protein, cell, or tissue.
It can target a wide range of proteins in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria.
Citrullination is a normal reaction during cell death.
Apoptosis is normally accompanied with a clearance process via scavenger cells.
A defect in the clearance system either in terms of efficiency or capacity may occur due to massive cell death, which may result in the accumulation and leakage of PAD enzymes and the citrullinated peptide from the necrotized cell which could be recognized by the immune system, where the immunological tolerance will be avoided and the autoimmune disorders will be subsequently triggered.
The induction of autoimmune responses, autoantibody production, and cytokines involved in the major autoimmune diseases will be discussed.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Alghamdi, Mohammed& Alasmari, Doaa& Assiri, Amjad& Mattar, Ehab& Aljaddawi, Abdullah A.& Alattas, Sana G.…[et al.]. 2019. An Overview of the Intrinsic Role of Citrullination in Autoimmune Disorders. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-39.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1180827
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Alghamdi, Mohammed…[et al.]. An Overview of the Intrinsic Role of Citrullination in Autoimmune Disorders. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-39.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1180827
American Medical Association (AMA)
Alghamdi, Mohammed& Alasmari, Doaa& Assiri, Amjad& Mattar, Ehab& Aljaddawi, Abdullah A.& Alattas, Sana G.…[et al.]. An Overview of the Intrinsic Role of Citrullination in Autoimmune Disorders. Journal of Immunology Research. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-39.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1180827
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1180827