Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content in Elite Athletes in Response to Omega-3 Supplementation: A Dose-Response Pilot Study

Abstract EN

Introduction.

Supplementation of Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3FA) in athletes is related to the anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant effect and consequently its action on all the processes of tissue restoration and adaptation to physical stress.

Objective.

Evaluate the Omega-3 Index (O3Ix) response, in red blood cells, to supplemental EPA + DHA intake in the form of high purity and stable composition gums (G), in elite summer athletes.

Method.

Twenty-four summer sport athletes of both sexes, pertaining to the Olympic Training Center in Spain, were randomized to two groups (2G = 760 or 3G = 1140 mg of n-3 FA in Omegafort OKids, Ferrer Intl.) for 4 months.

Five athletes and four training staff volunteers were control group.

Results.

The O3Ix was lower than 8% in 93.1% of all the athletes.

The supplementation worked in a dose-dependent manner: 144% for the 3G dose and 135% for the 2G, both p<0.001, with a 3% significant decrease of Omega-6 FAs.

No changes were observed for the control group.

Conclusions.

Supplementation with n-3FA increases the content of EPA DHA in the red blood cells at 4 months in a dose-dependent manner.

Athletes with lower basal O3Ix were more prone to increment their levels.

The study is registered with Protocol Registration and Results System (ClinicalTrials.gov) number NCT02610270.