Mechanisms of Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer and Metastatic Organotropism: Hematogenous versus Peritoneal Spread
Joint Authors
Guba, Markus
Bazhin, Alexandr V.
Neumann, Jens
Pretzsch, E.
Bösch, F.
Ganschow, P.
Angele, M.
Werner, Jens
Source
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-13, 13 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-09-19
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
13
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC).
The most common sites of metastasis are the liver and the peritoneum.
Peritoneal carcinomatosis is often considered the end stage of the disease after the tumor has spread to the liver.
However, almost half of CRC patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis do not present with liver metastasis.
This brings up the question of whether peritoneal spread can still be considered as the end stage of a metastasized CRC or whether it should just be interpreted as a site of metastasis alternative to the liver.
This review tries to discuss this question and summarize the current status of literature on potential characteristics in tumor biology in the primary tumor, i.e., factors (transcription factors and direct and indirect E-cadherin repressors) and pathways (WNT, TGF-β, and RAS) modulating EMT, regulation of EMT on a posttranscriptional and posttranslational level (miRNAs), and angiogenesis.
In addition to tumor-specific characteristics, factors in the tumor microenvironment, immunological markers, ways of transport of tumor cells, and adhesion molecules appear to differ between hematogenous and peritoneal spread.
Factors such as integrins and exosomal integrins, cancer stem cell phenotype, and miRNA expression appear to contribute in determining the metastatic route.
We went through each step of the metastasis process comparing hematogenous to peritoneal spread.
We identified differences with respect to organotropism, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and inflammation, and tumor microenvironment which will be further elucidated in this review.
A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and contributing factors of metastasis development in CRC has huge relevance as it is the foundation to help find specific targets for treatment of CRC.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Pretzsch, E.& Bösch, F.& Neumann, Jens& Ganschow, P.& Bazhin, Alexandr V.& Guba, Markus…[et al.]. 2019. Mechanisms of Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer and Metastatic Organotropism: Hematogenous versus Peritoneal Spread. Journal of Oncology،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1184516
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Pretzsch, E.…[et al.]. Mechanisms of Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer and Metastatic Organotropism: Hematogenous versus Peritoneal Spread. Journal of Oncology No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1184516
American Medical Association (AMA)
Pretzsch, E.& Bösch, F.& Neumann, Jens& Ganschow, P.& Bazhin, Alexandr V.& Guba, Markus…[et al.]. Mechanisms of Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer and Metastatic Organotropism: Hematogenous versus Peritoneal Spread. Journal of Oncology. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1184516
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1184516