Botanical Origin and Nutritional Values of Bee Bread of Stingless Bee (Heterotrigona itama) from Malaysia
Joint Authors
Zawawi, Norhasnida
Mohammad, Salma Malihah
Mahmud-Ab-Rashid, Nor-Khaizura
Source
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-12, 12 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-02-10
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
12
Abstract EN
Bee bread is the bee-collected pollen with the mixture of honey and bee salivary enzymes, stored inside the bee hive.
Malaysia has limited information on bee bread collected by the stingless bee Heterotrigona itama.
Therefore, this study aims to determine the botanical origin and nutritional values of bee bread from H.
itama.
Melissopalynological analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the bee bread’s botanical origin.
The proximate analysis, water activity, sugar profile, amino acid profile, vitamin C content, mineral content, and heavy metal content of the bee bread were analyzed.
From the results obtained, Bidens pilosa was found in bee bread from all sampling locations.
Bee bread contained high protein (21.70–23.33%) and carbohydrate (57.06–58.89%) contents.
Glucose was the predominant sugar found (average 11.499 g/100 g).
Eight essential amino acids were quantified, and arginine was detected the highest.
The major mineral element in the bee bread was potassium (average 6705.9 mg/kg), followed by phosphorus and magnesium.
Toxic metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic were detected but within the safe limits permitted in food.
The data obtained contribute towards expanding the knowledge on the nutritional information specifically for H.
itama bee bread in Malaysia.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Mohammad, Salma Malihah& Mahmud-Ab-Rashid, Nor-Khaizura& Zawawi, Norhasnida. 2020. Botanical Origin and Nutritional Values of Bee Bread of Stingless Bee (Heterotrigona itama) from Malaysia. Journal of Food Quality،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1184617
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Mohammad, Salma Malihah…[et al.]. Botanical Origin and Nutritional Values of Bee Bread of Stingless Bee (Heterotrigona itama) from Malaysia. Journal of Food Quality No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1184617
American Medical Association (AMA)
Mohammad, Salma Malihah& Mahmud-Ab-Rashid, Nor-Khaizura& Zawawi, Norhasnida. Botanical Origin and Nutritional Values of Bee Bread of Stingless Bee (Heterotrigona itama) from Malaysia. Journal of Food Quality. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1184617
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1184617