Modeling Hypertension as a Contributor to Retinal Hemorrhaging from Abusive Head Trauma

Joint Authors

Umstead, Christopher
Barhorst, Alan
Kasemsri, Thivakorn
Mitchell, Kelly

Source

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

Issue

Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-10, 10 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2020-05-20

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

10

Main Subjects

Public Health
Medicine

Abstract EN

Retinal hemorrhaging (RH) is indicative and prevalent in abusive head trauma (AHT)—yet the direct cause of the RH from AHT is unknown.

Our hypothesis is that RH in AHT is the combination of shaking forces and hypertension.

This combination of effects explains why RH is not normally observed in common childhood accidents but is nearly exclusively observed in AHT.

An experimental model using porcine eyes was designed to ascertain the required pressure change for sudden RH and, via a computer model, the subsequent stress increase in blood vessels.

The porcine eyes were cannulated via the maxillary artery and pressurized until perfusion and RH were observed.

Fluid was injected into the head with a computer-controlled continuous flow syringe pump; video of the fundus was recorded during perfusion; and the pressure of the fluid entering the eye was recorded as well.

A computer model was created in COMSOL to simulate loading from hypertension, shaking, and the combination of the forces.

This model was validated via experimental data collected from the porcine model.

It was found that hypertension or shaking alone did not cause an increase in stress required to cause RH.

But when the loading of shaking and hypertension was combined, as would occur in AHT, the stress increases were greater than those extrapolated from the porcine model and would cause RH.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Umstead, Christopher& Barhorst, Alan& Kasemsri, Thivakorn& Mitchell, Kelly. 2020. Modeling Hypertension as a Contributor to Retinal Hemorrhaging from Abusive Head Trauma. Journal of Healthcare Engineering،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186260

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Umstead, Christopher…[et al.]. Modeling Hypertension as a Contributor to Retinal Hemorrhaging from Abusive Head Trauma. Journal of Healthcare Engineering No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186260

American Medical Association (AMA)

Umstead, Christopher& Barhorst, Alan& Kasemsri, Thivakorn& Mitchell, Kelly. Modeling Hypertension as a Contributor to Retinal Hemorrhaging from Abusive Head Trauma. Journal of Healthcare Engineering. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186260

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-1186260