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A Comparison of Fishes and Invertebrates Living in the Vicinity of Energized and Unenergized Submarine Power Cables and Natural Sea Floor off Southern California, USA
Joint Authors
Love, Milton S.
Nishimoto, Mary M.
Snook, Linda
Schroeder, Donna M.
Scarborough Bull, Ann
Source
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-13, 13 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-10-02
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
13
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Increasing reliance on deep-water renewable energy has increased concerns about the effects of the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by submarine power cables on aquatic organisms.
Off southern California, we conducted surveys of marine organisms living around energized and unenergized submarine power cables and nearby sea floor during 2012–2014 at depths between 76 and 213 m.
In general, EMFs declined to background levels about one meter from the cable.
We found no statistical difference in species composition between the fish assemblages along the energized and unenergized cables.
The natural habitat community statistically differed from both energized and unenergized cable communities.
Within species (or species groups), we found no differences in densities between energized and unenergized cables.
Total fish densities were significantly higher around the cables than over the natural habitat.
We found that invertebrate communities were structured by habitat type and depth and, similar to the fishes, there was no statistical difference between the energized and unenergized cables.
Individually, the densities of four invertebrate species or species groups (Metridium farcimen, Luidia spp., unidentified black Crinoidea, and Urticina spp.) differed between energized and unenergized cables, but this difference was not significant across all depth strata.
The invertebrate community inhabiting the natural habitat strongly differed from the energized and unenergized cable community exhibiting the fewest species and individuals.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Love, Milton S.& Nishimoto, Mary M.& Snook, Linda& Schroeder, Donna M.& Scarborough Bull, Ann. 2017. A Comparison of Fishes and Invertebrates Living in the Vicinity of Energized and Unenergized Submarine Power Cables and Natural Sea Floor off Southern California, USA. Journal of Renewable Energy،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186476
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Love, Milton S.…[et al.]. A Comparison of Fishes and Invertebrates Living in the Vicinity of Energized and Unenergized Submarine Power Cables and Natural Sea Floor off Southern California, USA. Journal of Renewable Energy No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186476
American Medical Association (AMA)
Love, Milton S.& Nishimoto, Mary M.& Snook, Linda& Schroeder, Donna M.& Scarborough Bull, Ann. A Comparison of Fishes and Invertebrates Living in the Vicinity of Energized and Unenergized Submarine Power Cables and Natural Sea Floor off Southern California, USA. Journal of Renewable Energy. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186476
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1186476