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The Assessment of the Supply of Calcium and Vitamin D in the Diet of Women Regularly Practicing Sport
Joint Authors
Wrzosek, Michał
Woźniak, Jakub
Kozioł-Kaczorek, Dorota
Włodarek, Dariusz
Source
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-7, 7 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-11-04
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
7
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Introduction.
The appropriate intake of calcium and vitamin D in women’s diet is significant for a proper maintenance of the skeletal system.
Research Aim.
The aim of the research was to assess the calcium and vitamin D supply in a diet among women regularly practicing sport.
Methodology.
The research was completed by 593 women at the age of 18–50 (median 25) who played sports regularly (at least 2 times a week).
To assess the calcium and vitamin D intake, short Food Frequency Questionnaires for calcium and vitamin D (VIDEO-FFQ) were used.
The examined group was provided with the questionnaires via social media.
To assess intake levels, the authors applied the group-based cutoff point method (calcium norm was EAR 800 mg/day; vitamin D norm was AI 15 μg/day).
Results.
The median of calcium and vitamin D intake in a diet was 502 mg/day and 5.2 μg/day, respectively (Q25 and Q75 for calcium was 387 mg/day and 627 mg/day, respectively, and for vitamin D was 3.4 μg/day and 8.2 μg/day, respectively).
In relation to the EAR norm for calcium and AI norm for vitamin D, 92.0% of the examined participants in a group demonstrated lower than recommended calcium intake levels and 97.3% showed lower than recommended vitamin D intake levels.
Calcium and vitamin D supplementation was used by 13.1% (in this subgroup, 11.5% of the examined group members did not need it) and 56.8% of the examined women (in this subgroup, 2.4% of the examined group did not need it), respectively.
After including the calcium and vitamin D intake, the supply median for the whole group was 535 mg/day and 28.8 μg/day, respectively (Q25 and Q75 for calcium was 402 mg/day and 671 mg/day, and for vitamin D was 6.3 µg/day and 55.7 μg/day, respectively); 87.5% of the examined participants did not meet the EAR norms for calcium and 42.0% did not meet the AI norm for vitamin D.
Among the women supplementing calcium, 58.9% did not reach the reference intake value; however, all women supplementing vitamin D fulfilled the expected nutritional need.
Conclusions.
It is important to educate women about the necessity to provide the body with proper calcium and vitamin D intake levels in a diet in order to avoid health problems resulting from the deficit of the nutrients.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Wrzosek, Michał& Woźniak, Jakub& Kozioł-Kaczorek, Dorota& Włodarek, Dariusz. 2019. The Assessment of the Supply of Calcium and Vitamin D in the Diet of Women Regularly Practicing Sport. Journal of Osteoporosis،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186557
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Wrzosek, Michał…[et al.]. The Assessment of the Supply of Calcium and Vitamin D in the Diet of Women Regularly Practicing Sport. Journal of Osteoporosis No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186557
American Medical Association (AMA)
Wrzosek, Michał& Woźniak, Jakub& Kozioł-Kaczorek, Dorota& Włodarek, Dariusz. The Assessment of the Supply of Calcium and Vitamin D in the Diet of Women Regularly Practicing Sport. Journal of Osteoporosis. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1186557
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1186557