Current Clinical Applications and Future Perspectives of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Joint Authors

Kaloyannidis, Panayotis
Al Hashmi, Hani
Apostolidis, John
Sayyed, Ayman
Darweesh, Mohammed

Source

Journal of Immunology Research

Issue

Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-18, 18 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2020-10-30

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

18

Main Subjects

Biology

Abstract EN

Cancer cells escape immune recognition by exploiting the programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell-death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint axis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors that target PD-1/PD-L1 unleash the properties of effector T cells that are licensed to kill cancer cells.

Immune checkpoint blockade has dramatically changed the treatment landscape of many cancers.

Following the cancer paradigm, preliminary results of clinical trials in lymphoma have demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors induce remarkable responses in specific subtypes, most notably classical Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, while in other subtypes, the results vary considerably, from promising to disappointing.

Lymphomas that respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors tend to exhibit tumor cells that reside in a T-cell-rich immune microenvironment and display constitutive transcriptional upregulation of genes that facilitate innate immune resistance, such as structural variations of the PD-L1 locus, collectively referred to as T-cell-inflamed lymphomas, while those lacking such characteristics are referred to as noninflamed lymphomas.

This distinction is not necessarily a sine qua non of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, but rather a framework to move the field forward with a more rational approach.

In this article, we provide insights on our current understanding of the biological mechanisms of immune checkpoint evasion in specific subtypes of B-cell and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and summarize the clinical experience of using inhibitors that target immune checkpoints in these subtypes.

We also discuss the phenomenon of hyperprogression in T-cell lymphomas, related to the use of such inhibitors when T cells themselves are the target cells, and consider future approaches to refine clinical trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Apostolidis, John& Sayyed, Ayman& Darweesh, Mohammed& Kaloyannidis, Panayotis& Al Hashmi, Hani. 2020. Current Clinical Applications and Future Perspectives of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1187674

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Apostolidis, John…[et al.]. Current Clinical Applications and Future Perspectives of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1187674

American Medical Association (AMA)

Apostolidis, John& Sayyed, Ayman& Darweesh, Mohammed& Kaloyannidis, Panayotis& Al Hashmi, Hani. Current Clinical Applications and Future Perspectives of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Journal of Immunology Research. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1187674

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-1187674