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The Role of Defensins in HIV Pathogenesis
Joint Authors
Pahar, Bapi
Pace, Barcley T.
Lackner, Andrew A.
Porter, Edith
Source
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-12, 12 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-08-03
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
12
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Profound loss of CD4+ T cells, progressive impairment of the immune system, inflammation, and sustained immune activation are the characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection.
Innate immune responses respond immediately from the day of HIV infection, and a thorough understanding of the interaction between several innate immune cells and HIV-1 is essential to determine to what extent those cells play a crucial role in controlling HIV-1 in vivo.
Defensins, divided into the three subfamilies α-, β-, and θ-defensins based on structure and disulfide linkages, comprise a critical component of the innate immune response and exhibit anti-HIV-1 activities and immunomodulatory capabilities.
In humans, only α- and β-defensins are expressed in various tissues and have broad impacts on HIV-1 transmission, replication, and disease progression.
θ-defensins have been identified as functional peptides in Old World monkeys, but not in humans.
Instead, θ-defensins exist only as pseudogenes in humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas.
The use of the synthetic θ-defensin peptide “retrocyclin” as an antiviral therapy was shown to be promising, and further research into the development of defensin-based HIV-1 therapeutics is needed.
This review focuses on the role of defensins in HIV-1 pathogenesis and highlights future research efforts that warrant investigation.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Pace, Barcley T.& Lackner, Andrew A.& Porter, Edith& Pahar, Bapi. 2017. The Role of Defensins in HIV Pathogenesis. Mediators of Inflammation،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1188406
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Pace, Barcley T.…[et al.]. The Role of Defensins in HIV Pathogenesis. Mediators of Inflammation No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1188406
American Medical Association (AMA)
Pace, Barcley T.& Lackner, Andrew A.& Porter, Edith& Pahar, Bapi. The Role of Defensins in HIV Pathogenesis. Mediators of Inflammation. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1188406
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1188406