Application of a Spectroscopic Analysis-Based Portable Sensor for Phosphate Quantitation in Hydroponic Solutions

Abstract EN

Hydroponic plant culturing requires the concentration of nutrients in the supplied solution to be maintained at a constant level.

For example, phosphate ion concentration directly affects crop growth, which necessitates the development of convenient and rapid techniques for on-site phosphate quantitation.

Herein, we developed a new low-cost colorimetric method of quick on-site phosphate quantitation based on a modification of the conventional molybdenum colorimetric method.

Specifically, the nutrient solution treated with ascorbic acid and molybdate was analyzed by colorimetric method after 10 min incubation, and a phosphate quantitation protocol was proposed.

To verify this protocol, 50 nutrient solution samples with concentrations of 0–200 ppm were used to develop a model and perform a validation experiment, and the PLSR (Partial Least Squares Regression) and PCR (Principal Component Regression) models were developed and validated using a crossvalidation method and sample transmission spectra.

The PLSR model, employing smoothing preprocessing at a 5 nm wavelength spacing, exhibited the best prediction performance and showed an error of ~10% within the measurement range during verification.

In addition, an artificial neural network-based model achieved R2=0.93 for the training set and R2=0.86 for the validation set.

Finally, we developed convenient-to-use software for phosphate ion quantitation by the presented method and performed a demonstration test.