Immunotherapy with Native Molecule rather than Hypoallergenic Variant of Pru p 3, the Major Peach Allergen, Shows Beneficial Effects in Mice

Abstract EN

Background.

The use of hypoallergenic derivatives is considered beneficial to promote the safety and efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy.

We aimed to assess the efficacy of reduced and alkylated (R/A) Pru p 3, a hypoallergenic folding variant of the major peach allergen, in subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) using a murine model of peach allergy.

Methods and Results.

After sensitization with Pru p 3, BALB/c mice received SCIT with Pru p 3 or R/A Pru p 3 and were challenged with Pru p 3.

SCIT with Pru p 3, but not with R/A Pru p 3, suppressed anaphylaxis upon the challenge significantly.

SCIT with Pru p 3 did not suppress Pru p 3-specific IgE and IgG1 production, but enhanced IgG2a production.

In contrast, SCIT with R/A Pru p 3 suppressed IgE and IgG1 production, but enhanced IgG2a production only moderately.

The therapeutic efficacy of SCIT with Pru p 3 was associated with induction of IL-10 and IFN-γ.

Conclusion.

Hypoallergenic folding variant of Pru p 3 is not likely an efficacious therapeutic component in SCIT of peach allergy.

The lower efficacy of R/A Pru p 3 might be attributed to poor antigenicity and/or weak stability due to its unfolded conformation.