Developing a Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein (M-LDL-C) Friedewald’s Equation as a Substitute for Direct LDL-C Measure in a Ghanaian Population: A Comparative Study
Joint Authors
Adu, Patrick
Ephraim, Richard K. D.
Sakyi, Samuel A.
Odame Anto, Enoch
Acheampong, Emmanuel
Nsenbah, Emmanuella Batu
Agbodzakey, Hope
Adoba, Prince
Oppong Afranie, Bright
Fondjo, Linda Ahenkorah
Amoah, Beatrice
Swaray, Swithin M.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-12-31
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Despite the availability of several homogenous LDL-C assays, calculated Friedewald’s LDL-C equation remains the widely used formula in clinical practice.
Several novel formulas developed in different populations have been reported to outperform the Friedewald formula.
This study validated the existing LDL-C formulas and derived a modified LDL-C formula specific to a Ghanaian population.
In this comparative study, we recruited 1518 participants, derived a new modified Friedewald’s LDL-C (M-LDL-C) equation, evaluated LDL-C by Friedewald’s formula (F-LDL-C), Martin’s formula (N-LDL-C), Anandaraja’s formula (A-LDL-C), and compared them to direct measurement of LDL-C (D-LDL-C).
The mean D-LDL-C (2.47±0.71 mmol/L) was significantly lower compared to F-LDL-C (2.76±1.05 mmol/L), N-LDL-C (2.74±1.04 mmol/L), A-LDL-C (2.99±1.02 mmol/L), and M-LDL-C (2.97±1.08 mmol/L) p < 0.001.
There was a significantly positive correlation between D-LDL-C and A-LDL-C (r=0.658, p<0.0001), N-LDL-C (r=0.693, p<0.0001), and M-LDL-C (r=0.693, p<0.0001).
M-LDL-c yielded a better diagnostic performance [(area under the curve (AUC)=0.81; sensitivity (SE) (60%) and specificity (SP) (88%)] followed by N-LDL-C [(AUC=0.81; SE (63%) and SP (85%)], F-LDL-C [(AUC=0.80; SE (63%) and SP (84%)], and A-LDL-C (AUC=0.77; SE (68%) and SP (78%)] using D-LDL-C as gold standard.
Bland–Altman plots showed a definite agreement between means and differences of D-LDL-C and the calculated formulas with 95% of values lying within ±0.50 SD limits.
The modified LDL-C (M-LDL-C) formula derived by this study yielded a better diagnostic accuracy compared to A-LDL-C and F-LDL-C equations and thus could serve as a substitute for D-LDL-C and F-LDL-C equations in the Ghanaian population.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Ephraim, Richard K. D.& Acheampong, Emmanuel& Swaray, Swithin M.& Odame Anto, Enoch& Agbodzakey, Hope& Adoba, Prince…[et al.]. 2018. Developing a Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein (M-LDL-C) Friedewald’s Equation as a Substitute for Direct LDL-C Measure in a Ghanaian Population: A Comparative Study. Journal of Lipids،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1193531
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Ephraim, Richard K. D.…[et al.]. Developing a Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein (M-LDL-C) Friedewald’s Equation as a Substitute for Direct LDL-C Measure in a Ghanaian Population: A Comparative Study. Journal of Lipids No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1193531
American Medical Association (AMA)
Ephraim, Richard K. D.& Acheampong, Emmanuel& Swaray, Swithin M.& Odame Anto, Enoch& Agbodzakey, Hope& Adoba, Prince…[et al.]. Developing a Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein (M-LDL-C) Friedewald’s Equation as a Substitute for Direct LDL-C Measure in a Ghanaian Population: A Comparative Study. Journal of Lipids. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1193531
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1193531