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Effect of Cocoa Polyphenolic Extract on Macrophage Polarization from Proinflammatory M1 to Anti-Inflammatory M2 State
Joint Authors
Sardanelli, A. M.
Dugo, Laura
Belluomo, Maria Giovanna
Fanali, Chiara
Russo, Marina
Cacciola, Francesco
Maccarrone, Mauro
Source
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-06-28
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Polyphenols-rich cocoa has many beneficial effects on human health, such as anti-inflammatory effects.
Macrophages function as control switches of the immune system, maintaining the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory activities.
We investigated the hypothesis that cocoa polyphenol extract may affect macrophage proinflammatory phenotype M1 by favoring an alternative M2 anti-inflammatory state on macrophages deriving from THP-1 cells.
Chemical composition, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of cocoa polyphenols extracted from roasted cocoa beans were determined.
THP-1 cells were activated with both lipopolysaccharides and interferon-γ for M1 or with IL-4 for M2 switch, and specific cytokines were quantified.
Cellular metabolism, through mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and ATP levels were evaluated.
Here, we will show that cocoa polyphenolic extract attenuated in vitro inflammation decreasing M1 macrophage response as demonstrated by a significantly lowered secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.
Moreover, treatment of M1 macrophages with cocoa polyphenols influences macrophage metabolism by promoting oxidative pathways, thus leading to a significant increase in O2 consumption by mitochondrial complexes as well as a higher production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
In conclusion, cocoa polyphenolic extract suppresses inflammation mediated by M1 phenotype and influences macrophage metabolism by promoting oxidative pathways and M2 polarization of active macrophages.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Dugo, Laura& Belluomo, Maria Giovanna& Fanali, Chiara& Russo, Marina& Cacciola, Francesco& Maccarrone, Mauro…[et al.]. 2017. Effect of Cocoa Polyphenolic Extract on Macrophage Polarization from Proinflammatory M1 to Anti-Inflammatory M2 State. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1195220
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Dugo, Laura…[et al.]. Effect of Cocoa Polyphenolic Extract on Macrophage Polarization from Proinflammatory M1 to Anti-Inflammatory M2 State. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1195220
American Medical Association (AMA)
Dugo, Laura& Belluomo, Maria Giovanna& Fanali, Chiara& Russo, Marina& Cacciola, Francesco& Maccarrone, Mauro…[et al.]. Effect of Cocoa Polyphenolic Extract on Macrophage Polarization from Proinflammatory M1 to Anti-Inflammatory M2 State. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1195220
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1195220