Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine
Joint Authors
Manie, Yibeltal Chanie
Shiu, Run-Kai
Peng, Peng-Chun
Guo, Bao-Yi
Bitew, Mekuanint Agegnehu
Tang, Wei-Chieh
Lu, Hung-Kai
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-09-13
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is a favorable sensor in measuring strain, pressure, vibration, and temperature in different applications, such as in smart structures, wind turbines, aerospace, industry, military, medical centers, and civil engineering.
FBG sensors have the following advantages: immune to electromagnetic interference, light weight, small size, flexible, stretchable, highly accurate, longer stability, and capable in measuring ultra-high-speed events.
In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an intensity and wavelength division multiplexing (IWDM) FBG sensor system using a Raman amplifier and extreme learning machine (ELM).
We use an IWDM technique to increase the number of FBG sensors.
As the number of FBG sensors increases and the spectra of two or more FBGs are overlapped, a conventional peak detection (CPD) method is unappropriate to detect the central Bragg wavelength of each FBG sensor.
To solve this problem, we use ELM techniques.
An ELM is used to accurately detect the central Bragg wavelength of each FBG sensor even when the spectra of FBGs are partially or fully overlapped.
Moreover, a Raman amplifier is added to a fiber span to generate a gain medium within the transmission fiber, which amplifies the signal and compensates for the signal losses.
The transmission distance and the sensing signal quality increase when the Raman pump power increases.
The experimental results revealed that a Raman amplifier compensates for the signal losses and provides a stable sensing output even beyond a 45 km transmission distance.
We achieve a remote sensing of strain measurement using a 45 km single-mode fiber (SMF).
Furthermore, the well-trained ELM wavelength detection methods accurately detect the central Bragg wavelengths of FBG sensors when the two FBG spectra are fully overlapped.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Manie, Yibeltal Chanie& Shiu, Run-Kai& Peng, Peng-Chun& Guo, Bao-Yi& Bitew, Mekuanint Agegnehu& Tang, Wei-Chieh…[et al.]. 2018. Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine. Journal of Sensors،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1201984
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Manie, Yibeltal Chanie…[et al.]. Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine. Journal of Sensors No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1201984
American Medical Association (AMA)
Manie, Yibeltal Chanie& Shiu, Run-Kai& Peng, Peng-Chun& Guo, Bao-Yi& Bitew, Mekuanint Agegnehu& Tang, Wei-Chieh…[et al.]. Intensity and Wavelength Division Multiplexing FBG Sensor System Using a Raman Amplifier and Extreme Learning Machine. Journal of Sensors. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1201984
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1201984