The Chemical States of Color-Induced Cations in Tourmaline Characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Joint Authors
Hong, Hanlie
Fang, Qian
Yin, Ke
Wang, Chaowen
Li, Ming
Cheng, Feng
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-05-02
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
In order to better understand the effect of transition metal cations on color of tourmaline, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the species, chemical state, site occupancy, and chemical environment of color-induced metal cations in colorful tourmaline samples from Minas Gerais State, Brazil.
Our results showed that the colorful tourmalines usually contained a small amount of transition metal elements, and a colorful tourmaline sample had several transition metal cations; however, the color of tourmaline resulted from the transition metal cations in the Y site of the crystal structure.
The pink color of tourmaline was associated with Mn2+ in the Y site coordinating with F; the yellow color was derived from Ni2+ in the Y site binding to O; the green color was associated with Fe3+ in the Y site coordinating with O, OH, and F; the rose red color originated from Mn2+ and Ni2+ in the Y site in which Mn2+ coordinated with O and F, and Ni2+ coordinated with O; and the blue color was derived from Fe3+ and Mn2+ in the Y site in which Fe3+ binded to O, OH, and F and Mn2+ binded to F.
Additionally, other transition metal cations were also observed in colorful tourmalines, but all these species occupied the Z site of the structure.
In the pink and yellow samples, Fe and Cr were observed in Fe3+ and Cr3+; in the rose red sample, Fe was also found in Fe3+; in the blue sample, Cr was present in Cr3+; in the green sample, Mn, Ni, and Cu were found in Mn2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+, respectively.
The color of tourmaline was induced from the absorption of the d-d transition of transition metals in the crystal structure, as charge transfer tended to occur between cations occupying different coordination positions.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Li, Ming& Hong, Hanlie& Yin, Ke& Wang, Chaowen& Cheng, Feng& Fang, Qian. 2018. The Chemical States of Color-Induced Cations in Tourmaline Characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Journal of Spectroscopy،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202507
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Li, Ming…[et al.]. The Chemical States of Color-Induced Cations in Tourmaline Characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Journal of Spectroscopy No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202507
American Medical Association (AMA)
Li, Ming& Hong, Hanlie& Yin, Ke& Wang, Chaowen& Cheng, Feng& Fang, Qian. The Chemical States of Color-Induced Cations in Tourmaline Characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Journal of Spectroscopy. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202507
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1202507