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Evaluation and Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Joint Authors
Di Lazzaro, Vincenzo
Pennisi, Manuela
Bella, Rita
Lanza, Giuseppe
Cantone, Mariagiovanna
Fisicaro, Francesco
Di Pino, Giovanni
Source
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-17, 17 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-10-28
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
17
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The exact relationship between cognitive functioning, cortical excitability, and synaptic plasticity in dementia is not completely understood.
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is deemed to be the most common cognitive disorder in the elderly since it encompasses any degree of vascular-based cognitive decline.
In different cognitive disorders, including VCI, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be exploited as a noninvasive tool able to evaluate in vivo the cortical excitability, the propension to undergo neural plastic phenomena, and the underlying transmission pathways.
Overall, TMS in VCI revealed enhanced cortical excitability and synaptic plasticity that seem to correlate with the disease process and progression.
In some patients, such plasticity may be considered as an adaptive response to disease progression, thus allowing the preservation of motor programming and execution.
Recent findings also point out the possibility to employ TMS to predict cognitive deterioration in the so-called “brains at risk” for dementia, which may be those patients who benefit more of disease-modifying drugs and rehabilitative or neuromodulatory approaches, such as those based on repetitive TMS (rTMS).
Finally, TMS can be exploited to select the responders to specific drugs in the attempt to maximize the response and to restore maladaptive plasticity.
While no single TMS index owns enough specificity, a panel of TMS-derived measures can support VCI diagnosis and identify early markers of progression into dementia.
This work reviews all TMS and rTMS studies on VCI.
The aim is to evaluate how cortical excitability, plasticity, and connectivity interact in the pathophysiology of the impairment and to provide a translational perspective towards novel treatments of these patients.
Current pitfalls and limitations of both studies and techniques are also discussed, together with possible solutions and future research agenda.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Cantone, Mariagiovanna& Lanza, Giuseppe& Fisicaro, Francesco& Pennisi, Manuela& Bella, Rita& Di Lazzaro, Vincenzo…[et al.]. 2020. Evaluation and Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Neural Plasticity،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202812
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Cantone, Mariagiovanna…[et al.]. Evaluation and Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Neural Plasticity No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202812
American Medical Association (AMA)
Cantone, Mariagiovanna& Lanza, Giuseppe& Fisicaro, Francesco& Pennisi, Manuela& Bella, Rita& Di Lazzaro, Vincenzo…[et al.]. Evaluation and Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Neural Plasticity. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202812
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1202812