Quantitative Characterization of the Hemorrhagic, Necrotic, Coagulation-Altering Properties and Edema-Forming Effects of Zebra Snake (Naja nigricincta nigricincta) Venom
Joint Authors
Mushonga, Borden
Kandiwa, Erick
Samkange, Alaster
Fabiano, Ezequiel
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-10-24
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxicity and haemotoxicity of the Western barred (zebra) spitting cobra (Naja nigricincta nigricincta) venom to help explain atypical and inconsistent reports on syndromes by Namibian physicians treating victims of human ophidian accidents.
Freeze-dried venom milked from adult zebra snakes was dissolved in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for use in this study.
Haemorrhagic and necrotic activity of venom were studied in New Zealand albino rabbits.
Oedema-forming activity was investigated in 10-day-old Cobb500 broiler chicks.
Procoagulant and thrombolytic activity was investigated in adult Kalahari red goat blood in vitro.
The rabbit skin minimum hemorrhagic dose (MHD) for N.
n.
nigricincta was 9.8μg.
The minimum necrotizing dose (MND) for N.
n.
nigricincta venom was 12.2μg.
The N.
n.
nigricincta venom showed linear dose-dependent procoagulant activity on goat blood (p<0.05).
Likewise, N.
n.
nigricincta venom showed linear dose-dependent thrombolytic activity on goat blood (p<0.05, n = 6).
Subplantar injection of N.
n.
nigricincta venom (25μg, 50μg, 75μg, and 100μg) into chick paw resulted in peak oedema of 35.5%, 38.5%, 42.9%, and 47.5%, respectively, two hours after injection.
Paw oedema subsided within five hours to a mean volume ranging from 5% (25μg venom) to 17.6% (100μg venom).
In conclusion, though N.
n.
nigricincta belongs to the genus Elapidae, the current study has shown its venom to possess potent hemorrhagic, necrotic (cytotoxic), and paradoxically, both procoagulant and thrombolytic activity.
The authors propose further work to fractionate, isolate, and elucidate the structure of the various N.
n.
nigricincta venom toxins as a prelude to the development of an antivenom.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Kandiwa, Erick& Mushonga, Borden& Samkange, Alaster& Fabiano, Ezequiel. 2018. Quantitative Characterization of the Hemorrhagic, Necrotic, Coagulation-Altering Properties and Edema-Forming Effects of Zebra Snake (Naja nigricincta nigricincta) Venom. Journal of Toxicology،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202815
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Kandiwa, Erick…[et al.]. Quantitative Characterization of the Hemorrhagic, Necrotic, Coagulation-Altering Properties and Edema-Forming Effects of Zebra Snake (Naja nigricincta nigricincta) Venom. Journal of Toxicology No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202815
American Medical Association (AMA)
Kandiwa, Erick& Mushonga, Borden& Samkange, Alaster& Fabiano, Ezequiel. Quantitative Characterization of the Hemorrhagic, Necrotic, Coagulation-Altering Properties and Edema-Forming Effects of Zebra Snake (Naja nigricincta nigricincta) Venom. Journal of Toxicology. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1202815
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1202815