Unravelling the Interplay between Extracellular Acidosis and Immune Cells

Joint Authors

Erra Díaz, Fernando
Dantas, Ezequiel
Geffner, Jorge

Source

Mediators of Inflammation

Issue

Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-11, 11 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2018-12-30

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

11

Main Subjects

Diseases

Abstract EN

The development of an acidic tissue environment is a hallmark of a variety of inflammatory processes and solid tumors.

However, little attention has been paid so far to analyze the influence exerted by extracellular pH on the immune response.

Tissue acidosis (pH 6.0 to 7.0) is usually associated with the course of infectious processes in peripheral tissues.

Moreover, it represents a prominent feature of solid tumors.

In fact, values of pH ranging from 5.7 to 7.0 are usually found in a number of solid tumors such as breast cancer, brain tumors, sarcomas, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinomas, and adenocarcinomas.

Both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response appear to be finely regulated by extracellular acidosis in the range of pH values found at inflammatory sites and tumors.

Low pH has been shown to delay neutrophil apoptosis, promoting their differentiation into a proangiogenic profile.

Acting on monocytes and macrophages, it induces the activation of the inflammasome and the production of IL-1β, while the exposure of conventional dendritic cells to low pH promotes the acquisition of a mature phenotype.

Overall, these observations suggest that high concentrations of protons could be recognized by innate immune cells as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP).

On the other hand, by acting on T lymphocytes, low pH has been shown to suppress the cytotoxic response mediated by CD8+ T cells as well as the production of IFN-γ by TH1 cells.

Interestingly, modulation of tumor microenvironment acidity has been shown to be able not only to reverse anergy in human and mouse tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes but also to improve the antitumor immune response induced by checkpoint inhibitors.

Here, we provide an integrated view of the influence exerted by low pH on immune cells and discuss its implications in the immune response against infectious agents and tumor cells.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Erra Díaz, Fernando& Dantas, Ezequiel& Geffner, Jorge. 2018. Unravelling the Interplay between Extracellular Acidosis and Immune Cells. Mediators of Inflammation،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1203272

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Erra Díaz, Fernando…[et al.]. Unravelling the Interplay between Extracellular Acidosis and Immune Cells. Mediators of Inflammation No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1203272

American Medical Association (AMA)

Erra Díaz, Fernando& Dantas, Ezequiel& Geffner, Jorge. Unravelling the Interplay between Extracellular Acidosis and Immune Cells. Mediators of Inflammation. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1203272

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-1203272