Autophagy Contributes to the Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by Reducing Oxidative Stress
Joint Authors
Bu, Wenqing
Hao, Xiaohe
Yang, Tingting
Wang, Jing
Liu, Qiao
Zhang, Xiyu
Li, Xi
Gong, Yaoqin
Shao, Changshun
Source
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-14, 14 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-08-26
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
14
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Autophagy has been well documented to play an important role in maintaining genomic stability.
However, in addition to directly engulfing and digesting the damaged organelles and chromatin fragments, autophagy can affect many cellular processes including DNA damage response, regulation of redox homeostasis, and cell division; it remains to be determined to what extent each of those processes contributes to the maintenance of genomic stability.
We here examined the role of autophagy-dependent redox regulation in the maintenance of genomic stability in two cancer cell lines (HT1080 and U2OS) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using micronuclei MN, also referred to as cytoplasmic chromatin fragments, as a marker.
Our results showed that the spontaneous and genotoxic stress-induced frequencies of MN in cancer cells were significantly reduced by autophagy activators rapamycin and Torin1, and the reduction in MN was accompanied by a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Increased micronucleation in senescent MSCs, in which autophagic flux is blocked, was also attenuated by rapamycin, together with a reduction in ROS.
Inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine (CQ) or ATG5 depletion, on the other hand, resulted in an increased frequency of MN, though a ROS elevation in response to autophagy inhibition was only observed in MSCs.
Importantly, the induction of MN by autophagy inhibition in MSCs could be abrogated by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC).
In contrast to the reported impairment of CHK1 activation in Atg7-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we found that the level of phosphorylated CHK1 was increased by CQ or ATG5 depletion but decreased by rapamycin or Torin1, suggesting that the increased genomic instability by defective autophagy is not caused by insufficient activation of CHK1-homologous recombination cascade.
Together, our findings suggest that redox homeostasis regulated by autophagy contributes substantially to the maintenance of genomic stability in certain contexts.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Bu, Wenqing& Hao, Xiaohe& Yang, Tingting& Wang, Jing& Liu, Qiao& Zhang, Xiyu…[et al.]. 2020. Autophagy Contributes to the Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by Reducing Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-14.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1203864
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Bu, Wenqing…[et al.]. Autophagy Contributes to the Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by Reducing Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-14.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1203864
American Medical Association (AMA)
Bu, Wenqing& Hao, Xiaohe& Yang, Tingting& Wang, Jing& Liu, Qiao& Zhang, Xiyu…[et al.]. Autophagy Contributes to the Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by Reducing Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-14.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1203864
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1203864