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The Neural Basis of Fear Promotes Anger and Sadness Counteracts Anger
Joint Authors
Zhan, Jun
Ren, Jingyuan
Sun, Pei
Fan, Jin
Liu, Chang
Luo, Jing
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-13, 13 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-06-14
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
13
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
In contrast to cognitive emotion regulation theories that emphasize top-down control of prefrontal-mediated regulation of emotion, in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine, different emotions are considered to have mutual promotion and counteraction relationships.
Our previous studies have provided behavioral evidence supporting the hypotheses that “fear promotes anger” and “sadness counteracts anger”; this study further investigated the corresponding neural correlates.
A basic hypothesis we made is the “internal versus external orientation” assumption proposing that fear could promote anger as its external orientation associated with motivated action, whereas sadness could counteract anger as its internal or homeostatic orientation to somatic or visceral experience.
A way to test this assumption is to examine the selective involvement of the posterior insula (PI) and the anterior insula (AI) in sadness and fear because the posterior-to-anterior progression theory of insular function suggests that the role of the PI is to encode primary body feeling and that of the AI is to represent the integrative feeling that incorporates the internal and external input together.
The results showed increased activation in the AI, parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), posterior cingulate (PCC), and precuneus during the fear induction phase, and the activation level in these areas could positively predict subsequent aggressive behavior; meanwhile, the PI, superior temporal gyrus (STG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were more significantly activated during the sadness induction phase, and the activation level in these areas could negatively predict subsequent feelings of subjective anger in a provocation situation.
These results revealed a possible cognitive brain mechanism underlying “fear promotes anger” and “sadness counteracts anger.” In particular, the finding that the AI and PI selectively participated in fear and sadness emotions was consistent with our “internal versus external orientation” assumption about the different regulatory effects of fear and sadness on anger and aggressive behavior.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Zhan, Jun& Ren, Jingyuan& Sun, Pei& Fan, Jin& Liu, Chang& Luo, Jing. 2018. The Neural Basis of Fear Promotes Anger and Sadness Counteracts Anger. Neural Plasticity،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1210035
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Zhan, Jun…[et al.]. The Neural Basis of Fear Promotes Anger and Sadness Counteracts Anger. Neural Plasticity No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1210035
American Medical Association (AMA)
Zhan, Jun& Ren, Jingyuan& Sun, Pei& Fan, Jin& Liu, Chang& Luo, Jing. The Neural Basis of Fear Promotes Anger and Sadness Counteracts Anger. Neural Plasticity. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1210035
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1210035