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Blind Image Watermarking Based on Adaptive Data Spreading in n-Level DWT Subbands
Joint Authors
Seo, Young-Ho
Lee, Yong-Seok
Kim, Dong-Wook
Source
Security and Communication Networks
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-02-03
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Information Technology and Computer Science
Abstract EN
This paper proposes a new adaptive watermarking scheme for digital images, which has the properties of blind extraction, invisibility, and robustness against attacks.
The typical scheme for invisibility and robustness consisted of two main techniques: finding local positions to be watermarked and mixing or embedding the watermark into the pixels of the locations.
In finding the location, however, our scheme uses a global space such that the multiple watermarking data is spread out over all four lowest-frequency subbands, resulting from n-level Mallat-tree 2D (dimensional) DWT, where n depends on the amount of watermarking data and the resolution of the host image, without any further process to find the watermarking locations.
To embed the watermark data into the subband coefficients, weighting factors are used according to the type and energy of each subband to adjust the strength of the watermark, so we call this an adaptive scheme.
To examine the ability of the proposed scheme, images with various resolutions are tested for various attacks, both pixel-value changing attacks and geometric attacks.
With experimental results and comparison to the existing works we show that the proposed scheme has better performance than the previous works, except those which specialize in certain types of attacks.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lee, Yong-Seok& Seo, Young-Ho& Kim, Dong-Wook. 2019. Blind Image Watermarking Based on Adaptive Data Spreading in n-Level DWT Subbands. Security and Communication Networks،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1210601
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lee, Yong-Seok…[et al.]. Blind Image Watermarking Based on Adaptive Data Spreading in n-Level DWT Subbands. Security and Communication Networks No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1210601
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lee, Yong-Seok& Seo, Young-Ho& Kim, Dong-Wook. Blind Image Watermarking Based on Adaptive Data Spreading in n-Level DWT Subbands. Security and Communication Networks. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1210601
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1210601