Response of some barley cultivars to drought tolerance by the effect of proline spraying and its reflection on the traits of growth and yield

Abstract EN

This study was conducted during the winter season (2019-2020) at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station belonged to the College of Agriculture ,the University of Kirkuk Al Sayada location.

The study included two experiments (Rainfed agriculture and sprinkler irrigation) to knowing the effect of spraying with proline on drought tolerance for growth and productivity indicators of barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare),The experiment was conducted according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and by arranging the split-plot with three replicates.

The experiment was conducted separately from the other.

The main plots included proline at two levels (0 and 0.750) g.L - 1 ,While (six) cultivars (Buraq, Samir, Al-Khair, Al-Hatra, Iksad and Amal ) were placed in the sub plots.

Field traits were measured during the vegetative growth period, yield and its components.

The results of the study are summarized as follows: The cultivars varied in most of the traits, where the Amal cultivar excelled in the traits of average relative growth and the Samir cultivar in the trait of harvest index.

While the Amal cultivar excelled in the quality of the grain yield, as it reached (3930.6 μg.ha-1 ), and in the trait of average drought tolerance with an average of (0.838), While the Iksad cultivar excelled in the weight of the 1000 grains, reaching (34.943 g), and the , Al-Khair cultivar excelled on protein percentage (14.150%).The mean of the squares of spraying with proline showed a significant effect for most of the traits, including the grain yield trait (3442.4 μg.ha-1 ), the harvest index (33,529), the protein percentage (14.091%) and the drought tolerance (0.756).There was a significant difference between the two experiments in the trait, where the spraying experiment showed its excelled on the trait , including the grain yield (38699 μg.ha-1 ) and the weight of 1000 grains, which reached (30.724 g).Whereas, the Rainfed agriculture experiment was excelled on the average relative growth (0.016 g/ g/ day), harvest index (33.394) and protein percentage (13.844%), and there was a significant difference between the two experiment in the traits.