دور ناصر الدين شاه في تطور الصحافة الإيرانية 1848-1896 م : دراسة تاريخية تحليلية

Abstract EN

Historical-academic studies that dealt with studying of Iran modern history within nineteenth century in Iraqi universities are abundant.

Although this abundance, but there was something ambiguous not only in social, economical and political aspects in Kajari reign but also in intellectual– cultural field that journalism had formed one of cultural scene appearances in Iran during historical period from (1848–1896 AD) entitled for tremendous number of big campaign and those who interested in studying Iran modern history by "Nassir al-Deen Shah Period", so Dr.

Ali Khudair Abbas Al-Mashaikhi had concerned it in his thesis titled" Iran during Nassir al-Deen Shah Era 1848–1896 AD".

But in this study, the role of Nassir al-Deen Shah was neglected in developing Iranian journalism besides those who were concerned with different kinds of sciences had been aware and they took care of the most significant of Iranian journalism issued in the country within his reign.

In addition to that, the history of journalism was surrounded by ambiguity, it's hardly to determine the beginning plus other reasons, pushed the researcher to choose this subject.

The real reason which made the researcher interested and attracted to this study was that the researcher was reading the books concerned with Iran modern history and he stopped suddenly with this phrase: "Iran came third after countries and middle east states that journalism are exported in it on modern style after Egypt and Ottoman state.

Nassir al-Deen long period (1848-1896AD) is considered one of important and sentimental historical periods in Iran modern history in particular and Kajari reign (1796–1925 AD) in general.

The country had witnessed during that period social-economical–political changes.

So the study included the most significant factors which gathered and accumulated in pushing Shah Al-Kajari forward towards interested in Iranian journalism field and its development.

Later on was concerned with mentioning the reform and modernization pioneers in Iran who had experience in this field.

Besides listing the most significant newspapers issued in the country.

e.

g." Roznama Wakaye' Itafakeit", "Roznama Melty", "Roznama Waten" and other Iranian newspapers that Shah al-Kajari had a vital role with reform pioneers in growing up and developing the journalism in the country.

Deeply, the references had varied that the researcher depended on in eliciting the information of his study between Arabic and Parisian, the latter got more care in his study margins, but the more irritating was that the researcher's using issued newspaper in Iran in that era to be one of important and modern documents within the period of Nassir al-Deen,besides Parisian books concerned the topic, e.g., " History of Iranian newspapers and magazines " book with its four parts for the author Mohammed Sadr Hashimi and " History of prints and literary books Drdora Mshrote" book for the writer Edward Brown with its three parts which was translated into Parisian by Mohammed Abbas and other books.

The Arabic references that the researcher had taken information from were from the contents of academic theses and Arabic books, head of these are " Journalistic Essay in Modern Parisian Literature " for Teacher Zaki Al-Sarraf and others.