A study of climate changes impact on the quantities of water used for irrigation

Abstract EN

The assessment of water needs is one of the key elements in the development of the water budget Which is a very important issue in the field of irrigation.

Assessing the water needs is the first essential step to develop future development plans and planning the strategic planning of irrigation projects.

This paper presents a study on the irrigation water needs and the impact of climate change on the quantities of water used for irrigation.

This study was conducted on three crops in Marsa Matrouh, which are banana, sweet pepper and potato.

The method used to do so is “Cropwat” based on some input information such as climate, rain, crop, soil and crop pattern for the study area.

The Penman-Monteith method was used to estimate ETo was calculated with the following basic data temperature, humidity, sunshine and wind speed.

In this study, crop coefficients (Kc) were applied to different growth stages of crops (banana, sweet pepper, and potato) to control and estimate actual evaporation ETc through the through a water balance of the irrigation water requirements (IR).

The results showed the annual (ETo) was estimated at 1109.6 mm.

The lowest daily value of ETo of 1.37 mm, was observed in December month, while the highest value 4.51 mm was observed in June.

One of the factors that affect the increase in evapotranspiration (ETo) and thus the irrigation needs is temperature, as it has a great direct impact on plants.

An important factor in the occurrence of soil moisture is precipitation, as this process plays a major role in increasing crop productivity.

Through The crop evapotranspiration ETc and the crop irrigation requirements calculations, irrigation projects can then be scheduled in different seasons for water use efficiency based on these results.

The net irrigation demand, the gross irrigation demand and irrigation interval for the various crops grown have been computed.

In this paper, the author briefed using CR+OPWAT 8.0 to assess the water needs and provide general guidance to produce three kinds of crops banana crop, sweet pepper crop, and potato crop, all in Ma-trouh Governorate located in the north coast in Egypt.