العلاقة بين المجال المغناطيسي للأرض و تكون الشفق القطبي

Abstract EN

The outer crust of the Earth is responsible for the formation of the magnetic field, because it contains metals in fluid form, especially iron, which is the highest percentage of it, in addition to nickel.

The magnetic field protects the Earth from the solar wind, which ,if it could penetrate the Earth, would harm all living things.

When the solar wind collides with the ionosphere and is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation, the magnetic field redirects these materials around the Earth and keeps its currents away from it.

At the same time, this will lead to the emergence of light phenomena known as the aurora borealis or the northern lights and southern lights that are wavy and of different colors, especially at the poles, where the Earth’s magnetic field is weaker .

This allows some particles to penetrate the atmosphere and collide with gas molecules and to produce the colors of the aurora borealis, which are yellowish green, red and blue .

Each color is the result of same kind of colliding particles.