أبناء النبي إسماعيل (عليه السلام)‎ و دورهم في تبديل دين الحنيفية الى الوثنية

Abstract EN

This study dealt with the role played by the sons of prophet Ismail in converting the Hanafi religion, the religion of their fathers Ibrahim and Ismail (peace be upon them), to stones worship after they increased in number until they filled Mecca.

Due to their huge numbers, their living conditions became so tough and hard.

Because of this, many wars and hostilities took place amongst them up to the extent that some of them started to banish and expel the others.

So, they began to disperse in the country in search of their living and out of fear and hatred that there would be fighting in Mecca, especially in the Haram (Kaaba).

Therefore, the people of power among them embarked on making money from grazing camels, cows and sheep.

Because of this, their money is not long to be raised and multiplied to the degree that wherever they went, they prevailed over the people of those places due to the power of their religion.

As a result, they separated from each other and many independent tribes emerged from them instead of one tribe.

The ones of them who converted from their religion of monotheism to worship idols and stones, started to carry stones from the Haram in Mecca to show their glorification and love of it.

The people of Mecca, including Quraysh, who were among the sons of Ismail, in case they did not find a stone in their travels, collected dust and mixed it with sheep-milk and then they would do pilgrimage around it as if it is the Kaaba.

Nevertheless, they kept and stuck to many of the traditions of their fathers Abraham and Ismail (peace be upon them) like the glorification of the Kaaba, doing pilgrimage around it, Hajj and Umrah, standing on mount Arafa, Al-Muzdalefa, performing sacrifices and their reliance on crescents to decide the times of Hajj and Umrah, despite their inclusion of non-traditional conventions.