Comparison of different methods for producing biodiesel from Egyptian jatropha seeds and local waste cooking oil

Abstract EN

The increasing demand and consumption growth rates of diesel fuel together with environmental concerns directed attention to the use of non-edible oils such as jatropha or waste cooking oil (WCO) as alternative biofuels in diesel engines.

Extraction methods of jatropha seeds and waste cooking oil collection have effects on the physical and chemical properties of the produced bio-oil and biodiesel; these properties have effects on engine performance and emissions.

Oil characteristics such as viscosity, density, calorific value, flash point, and Cetane number were considered.

The aim of this paper is to compare bio-oil or biodiesel which are produced by extraction methods from Egyptian jatropha seeds and WCO.

The extraction method of Jatropha oil is by using a screw press, and that from WCO is by a chemical method.

A screw press was designed, manufactured, and tested on the laboratory scale, to produce oil at extraction temperature of 100°C and screw speed of 60 rpm.

The effect of temperature on oil density and viscosity for the extraction processes were investigated.

Correlations were deduced which relate viscosities and densities with oil temperature for the studied bio-oil and biodiesel.

The raw material used for producing the bio-oil affect the fatty acid composition.

The production temperature also has effects on the viscosity and density of the extracted oil by the different processes.

Free fatty acid (FFA) compositions are measured to be 2.7 and 4.596% for jatropha bio-oil and WCO bio-oil, respectively.

The density of waste cooking bio-oil is 916 kg/m3 which is better than that produced from jatropha oil.

The kinematic Viscosity of jatropha biodiesel being 1.4 is better than that of WCO oil.

The flash point of waste cooking oil is better than all different oils, on the other hand, the Cetane number of waste cooking oil is better as compared to other oils.

The heating value of waste cooking oil is better than different types of oil.

Therefore, the waste cooking oil is the best to use, otherwise use preheated jatropha oil