Trend detection of average annual rainfall and temperature in Sulaymaniyah governorate, Iraq

Abstract EN

Change in the magnitudes of temperature and rainfall temporally and spatially can be observed, on both regional and global scales, so detecting the trend of their changes is essential to fit the management plans of hydrological, agricultural, and other water-related activities.

In this study, the trend of annual temperature and annual rainfall magnitudes within Sulaymaniyah Governorate have been investigated by using the Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen's slope estimator.

The recorded data at five stations namely Sulaymaniyah, Dukan, Halabja, Penjwen, and Chamchamal stations across Sulaymaniyah Governorate have been studied.

The results showed that the positive increasing trend appeared in the annual temperature values of the data of Sulaymaniyah, Dukan, Penjwen, and Chamchamal stations, while Halbja station didn't reveals any trend in its annual temperature values.

Regarding the trend of annual magnitudes of rainfall, the results showed that the trend didn't appears in the rainfall magnitudes of all of the studied stations, based on the calculated value of (Z), the trend has not appeared in average annual rainfall depth in all of the studied stations at the significant level of 95% , however by taking the p-values, slightly trend toward negative was observed in Sulaymaniyah Station, while moderately trend toward negative and positive increase has appeared in Halabja and Chamchamal stations respectively, but at Dukan and Penjwen Stations, the trend has not appeared in the average annual rainfall