دور علماء مدينة الشحر في الحياة العلمية و العامة خلال القرنين 10-9 ه-16-15 م

Abstract EN

This study was designed to talk about the impact of Shahar scientists and people coming to it from Hadhramawt cities in practical and public life through presenting the most prominent positions they took over، including their role in political and ad- ministrative life such as representation in ruling، leading battles، taking over the presidency of composition Diwan، judgeship، Imama.

consideration in mosques and oration.

Second; their role in supporting the scientific and intellectual movement represented in teaching.

authorship، transcription and fatwa issuing.

Third; their role discussed the social life represented in contribution to different good deeds such as trying to meet the needs of the Muslims، giving alms، building mosques and repair- ing them and their role in preaching and reinforcing the noble manners of the society.

Finally، the scientific position of Shahar scientists in Hadarami society in which I presented the most prominent aspects that reflect their scientific position whether in terms of the scientific titles granted to them or through what has been included in the sources such as the praise of the contemporary scientists and pupils through the scientific capacity with which some of them are characterized and this gave them importance in comparison to their contemporary counterparts.

The importance of this study lies in having less studies that discuss Shahar city in terms of the cultural aspects.

There was no specialized study that presents the aspects of the public life in Shahar city، specially that part relating to the role of its scien- tists I public and scientific life which needs a study to probe it.

During the study، the researcher sought to achieve two objectives: first، to discover the role of the scientists of Shahar city in public and scientific life during the ninth and tenth centu- ries AH/ fifteenth and sixteenth centuries AD.

Second، showing the role of the scientists of Hadhramawat cities that exist in the neighborhood of Shahar city in its public life، specially the scientific life which reflects the mutual scientific relations between Shahar scientists and the neighboring Yamani cities that must be followed up and recorded in its scientific hypotheses.

All that has been mentioned was in accordance with the historical methodology represented in collecting information from the original sources and other references، grouping and analyzing them، criticize them scientifically and strike a balance between the narrations and the historical information that has been mentioned in more than one source with the purpose of accessing the nearest possible picture of the historical fact.

The conclusion included some of the results which the study reached.

most importantly; • The role of Shahar scientists was not confined to education، but they had a leading role in the service of the society، building scientific institutions as well as spending money on the scholars and provide the required services for them.

• The participation of the coming scholars from Hadhramawt cities to Shahar city in the knowledge production was the most prominent factor of the scientific life activities and enriched the literary movement in it.

The success of Shahar scientists in performing the tasks assigned to them by Katheyria State and this confirms their ability and efficiency and reflects the extent of the outstanding cooperation between the authority and the scientists as well as the mutual respect، estimation and trust between the two parties.