Type two diabetes mellitus and the risk of uric acid stone formation

Abstract EN

Aim: Diabetes may be a metabolic disorder which is related to the increase risk of uric acid calculi as urine pH plays a vital role in uric acid solubility in urine; whereas many studies have shown that diabetic patients had additional uric acid excretion and stone formation, few studies investigated the variations of urine composition between both diabetic and non-diabetic non-stone formers.

Consequently, this study aims to analyze the variations between diabetic and non-diabetic patients who aren’t stone formers.

Materials AND Methods: A (sample of 420 patients) who were seen and examined in Prince Hussein urology clinics between (June of 2015 and August of 2018) were recruited during this retrospective study.

These patients were divided into two main groups: group-1 which comprised 210 diabetics’ patients, and group-2 which comprised 210 not diabetic patients; the 24-h urine collection profiles of each team were compared.

Results: Group-1 Diabetic patients have considerably shown higher 24-h urine volumes, and urine ammonium excretion, lower urinary citrate, calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate excretions; moreover, diabetic patients have lower 24-hour urine pH, higher net acid excretion and better uric acid excretion quantity compared to group-2 respectively.

Conclusion: Diabetic patients have presented additional daily urine volumes, higher net acid excretion, lower urine pH and more uric acid excretion.

All these factors combined together would result in making the urine more acidic which is considered as a precondition for uric acid stone formation.

Therefore, a thorough comprehension of epidemiology and Pathophysiology of uric acid stone formation is a crucial part of stone prevention in type-2 diabetes mellitus.