Flow cytometry study of biomarkers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients treated at the royal medical services, Jordan

Abstract EN

Introduction: Leukemia, of which there are different types, is a crucial disease that is encountered in clinics.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent type of leukemia among adults.

Flow cytometery is a key component to the diagnosis of CLL.

Most cases can be identified using a panel of antibodies specific for CD5, CD19, CD20, CD23 and kappa and Lambda Ig light chain.

Study objectives: The main objectives were to study the biomarkers involved in CLL as well as the positivity of these biomarkers according to gender.

Methods and subjects: A retrospective study design was employed to collect data from files of patients with CLL.

The study sample included a total of 108 patient files.

An Excel spreadsheet was created to record the raw data of all the patients.

Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.

Descriptive statistics were used to describe continuous variables using means and standard deviations, of which age was one.

Frequency and percentages were used to describe categorical variables such as gender and the positivity of biomarkers.

Results: 70% of participants were males.

The mean age was 66.56 ± 11.20 years.

CD19 was the most frequent (100%), followed by CD5 (99.07%).

CD22 was lowest frequent biomarker (0.9%).

With regard to gender, the mean age of females was 65.5 ± 8.68 years and that of males was 67.03 ± 12.16 years.

In female patients with CLL, the most frequent positive biomarker was CD5 in 32 patients (96.97%), followed by CD200 in 29 patients (87.78%).

In male patients with CLL, CD5 and CD19 were the most frequent biomarkers.

Conclusions: The results showed that the frequency and distribution of biomarkers in patients with CLL is affected by gender.

CD5 and CD200 were the most prevalent biomarkers in females, while CD5 and CD19 were the most frequent among males.