السرقة و القتل الأسري في مصر خلال العصر البطلمي : دوافعها و معدلاتها و آثارها

Abstract EN

It appears that most of the murders were caused by theft, and these crimes were not introduced in Egypt during the Ptolemaic era, but were known from ancient times, and the concept of killing in general - whether inside or outside the family - was to attack people and their lives, and then it is considered A crime against all society.

so the legislator prepared for her a strict criminal law, which punishes those who commit these crimes, whether theft, or killing inside or outside the family, and the crimes of theft and family killing were not limited to men only, but also included women, and also included young children, And the event was called Παρπτωματιχόι, as it was not limited to the layer of Ba It was forbidden, but included all classes, whether the ruling, or the ruled, whatever it was; aristocratic or industrious In these cases, the victims resorted to the courts to obtain their rights, and the courts were of three categories; Courts of the Greeks, courts of Egyptians, and courts of foreigners, and some Ptolemaic kings sometimes exempted their subjects from the punishment of some crimes, except for the crime of premeditated murder; Because of its greatness.

As for the crime of theft, the expressions varied (ἀφαιρεῖν-κλείπεινἀφαρπάζειν).

This may be related to the type of crime, how it was committed, the circumstances in which it was committed, the penalties associated with it, the diversity of theft between money and movable and immovable property, and the law punished the perpetrators; because they have caused damage to the property of others.

Theft and family killings were not only limited to the husband, wife and children, but also included relatives within the family, and sometimes servants within the family, although we consider it indirect family crimes.

The researcher was not the only one to present crimes in general, but was preceded by many studies, but we offered family crimes through research due to their greatness within society, and the role of the state in eliminating them, through legislation laws that might compel the perpetrator not to commit his family crime and thus be The state has played its part in eliminating this phenomenon, which threatens all society.

Then, examples of the crimes of theft and family killing in Egypt in the Ptolemaic era and the state's role in punishing the perpetrator and restoring the victim's right through various sources were presented.