COX1 gene and ITS-2 region: a comparative study of molecular diagnosis of Parabronema Skrjabini in camels (camelus dromedaries)‎, al-Najaf province, Iraq

Abstract EN

The current study was contributed to the analysis of the nucleotide sequence pattern of the nucleotide sequence of the tissue DNA isolates based on the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA (ITS2RDNA) gene and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial DNA (COX1 mtDNA) using the traditional polymerase chain reaction (150 samples of abomasum collected directly from camel carcasses after working in al-Najaf slaughterhouse from 1 / 10 / 2019 to 1 / 2 / 2020).

ITS2RDNA were well suited for the prepared primer with size783 bp and identical ratio ranged 81.17-99.73% of the same species, as indicated a high similarity of the isolates taken from two-humped camels in china or less related to parabronema skrjabini in sheep and goat.

in addition, the study identified the number of the mutations within the four COX1 gene and its-2 region, which were the most conservative region of the host's species, supporting the concept of host specificity with parabronema skrjabini.

the COX1 gene and its-2 region applied to confirm the diagnosis using a universal primer, as it included eight isolates with a size of 689 BP, identical values were ranged from 84.99-98.02% depending on the multiple sequence alignment and showed an increase in the substitution level among isolates at an upper taxonomic level.

studying of the COX1 gene and its-2 region in parabronema skrjabini demonstrated a significant relation in the cluster and an early common ancestor with isolates of the two-humped camel (China).

as for the COX1 gene and ITS-2 region, the phylogenetic relationship supported the ribosomal gene results, especially with habronema muscae or related species such as habronema majus, dirofilaria repens, dipetalonema evansi, setaria tundra, cercopithifilaria SP towards the root node.

therefore, considering COX1 gene and its-2 region as an ideal tool in determining the phylogenetic history of the sequence maps, but less conservative mode than the ITS2 ribosome gene based to a taxonomic species level.