نمذجة العلاقات السببية بين التشوهات المعرفية و إعاقة الذات و التشاؤم الدفاعي لدى طلاب جامعة حلوان

Abstract EN

This Reasearch aimed to identify the Relationship betwen Cognitive Distortions, Self-Handicapping and Defensive Pessimism among Helwan University Students and Know the differences in Cognitive Distortions, Self-Handicapping and Defensive Pessimism due to gender (male & female), and Identify The direct and indirect effects of relationships among Cognitive Distortions, Self-Handicapping and Defensive Pessimism.

The Research sample consisted of (477) male and female students aged between 16-21 years with an average of (17.71) and standard deviation (1.430) in Second term of Academic Year 2020-2021.

All participants performed on Cognitive Distortions Scales (Prepared by: Ahmed Haron, 2017), Self-Handicapping Scale (Prepared by: The Researcher) and Defensive Pessimism Scale (Prepared by: The Researcher).

The Results showed a statistically Correlations among Cognitive Distortions, Self-Handicapping and Defensive Pessimism.

Also, there were no statistically significant differences due to gender in Cognitive Distortions, but there were statistically significant differences in overing of goals and standards due to gender in favor of male, and there were no statistically significant differences due to gender in both Self-Handicapping and Defensive Pessimism, The results of the research revealed a direct effect of negative filtering, Magnification, Thoughts reading, Minimizing, and overing of goals and standards in self – handicapping, and the direct effect of Magnification and Minimizing in defensive pessimism, and Self-Handicapping directly affects on defensive pessimism, and the Results revealed the Indirect effects of the variables (Minimizing, Magnification, negative filtering, Thoughts reading ) on defensive pessimism through Self-Handicapping.