الصداقة في شعر القرن الثاني الهجري: الرؤية والأداة

Abstract EN

This research is concerned with studying one of the poetic phenomena that flourished in the poetry of the second century AH with remarkable prosperity as a result of social and cultural influences, and by that we mean the poetry of friendship, which deals with this lofty human relationship and stands on the importance it represents in the life of the individual who is described as civil by nature who cannot To live in isolation from people, especially friends who share in joys and sorrows, and fill his life with joy and happiness.

The researcher reached several results, including: The poetry of friendship flourished in the second century AH as a result of several factors, including social influences, as the Arab society at that time was exposed to social changes Kubiri witnessed the emergence of new social classes, most notably the “Mawali” or “Muwallis” class, which played an important social role.

The mixing of Arwith other races also increased, which led to the expansion of social relations and the disintegration of tribal fanaticism, including that cultural influences contributed to the flourishing of friendship poetry, as the translation movement expanded.

And the concepts of friendship were transmitted through Persian literature and Greek thought to Arabic literature, including that the poets' opinions about friendship varied.

Some of them looked at it through an idealistic vision that exalts the value of friendship and friend, and some of them saw it through a realistic vision that looks at the friend as a person who makes mistakes and makes mistakes, while others look at friendship through a negative vision, and questioned friendship and linked it to interests and material benefits, and focused on the negative qualities in the friend.

.