Study the monthly changes in the physical and chemical properties of al-garraf river water in qalat suker city, dec. 2019-april, 2020 : a sustainable study

Abstract EN

Al- Gharraf River was chosen for this study as the main source of drinking water for most Thi-Qar Governorate residents.

The water samples were chosen from three locations, when it entered Qalat Suker (Al-Nazim site) and in the middle of the city (the Bridge site) and when the river came out of the city (Al-Khammas site) each sample had three replicates for a period of five months from December 2019 to April 2020 as one measurement a month.

Some physical and chemical properties, which are pH, electrical conductivity EC, turbidity, calcium, magnesium, and chloride ion, were studied.

The distance between the entry point of the river and the outer point is about 8 km.

The physical and chemical properties curves were plotted to show the changes in water characteristics during the months of the observation to compare the results with the international standards for water use.

The results of the study indicated a rise in the concentration of chloride in some months due to industrial wastes, irrigation water, sewage, cleaning materials and organic waste, which is an important source of adding additional chloride ion in surface water and groundwater.

The decline in some months may be due to increased rainfall.

The study also showed that the concentration of magnesium ion within the allowed limits.

Also, the present study also recorded a low concentration of calcium, it is clear that no any additional amounts of these ions added by the city activities.

It is clear that the pH decreased in March and April which may because household waste and detergents, pH remains within the limits for human, animal and agricultural uses according to the World Health Organization and Iraqi standards.

The water turbidity ranged from 1.77 NTU to NTU38.36.

In December and January, the limits were within the permissible limits, while in (February, March and April), the water is considered unfit for human consumption, according to international and Iraqi standards.

It is also noted that the Al- Gharraf River was chosen for this study as the main source of drinking water for most Thi-Qar Governorate residents.

The water samples were chosen from three locations, when it entered Qalat Suker (Al-Nazim site) and in the middle of the city (the Bridge site) and when the river came out of the city (Al-Khammas site) each sample had three replicates for a period of five months from December 2019 to April 2020 as one measurement a month.

Some physical and chemical properties, which are pH, electrical conductivity EC, turbidity, calcium, magnesium, and chloride ion, were studied.

The distance between the entry point of the river and the outer point is about 8 km.

The physical and chemical properties curves were plotted to show the changes in water characteristics during the months of the observation to compare the results with the international standards for water use.

The results of the study indicated a rise in the concentration of chloride in some months due to industrial wastes, irrigation water, sewage, cleaning materials and organic waste, which is an important source of adding additional chloride ion in surface water and groundwater.

The decline in some months may be due to increased rainfall.

The study also showed that the concentration of magnesium ion within the allowed limits.

Also, the present study also recorded a low concentration of calcium, it is clear that no any additional amounts of these ions added by the city activities.

It is clear that the pH decreased in March and April which may because household waste and detergents, pH remains within the limits for human, animal and agricultural uses according to the World Health Organization and Iraqi standards.

The water turbidity ranged from 1.77 NTU to NTU38.36.

In December and January, the limits were within the permissible limits, while in (February, March and April), the water is considered unfit for human consumption, according to international and Iraqi standards.

It is also noted that the