حكم الشيخ محمد بن ثاني لقطر في الفترة ما بين 1866-1878 م

Abstract EN

The reign of Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani of Qatar during the nineteenth century is one of the most challenging periods in the history of modern Qatar due to the economic and social conditions the country was going through.

This is in addition to the border disputes in light of the rivalry between Britain and the Ottoman Empire in the Arabian Gulf region.

During that difficult situation, the establishment of the State was not easy.

Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani had to do the following: a) Unite the tribes under his rule in a modern system based on the central rule of justice and equality among all citizens.

b) Establish a military force to defend the homeland and citizens.

C) Ally with the Ottoman State to preserve the entity and independence of the homeland, and d) not allow any states to interfere in the country’s internal affairs.

The political leadership of Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani adopted a wise policy in its relations with neighboring countries as well as with the rest of the brotherly and friendly countries based on mutual respect and non-interference in the affairs of others.

Therefore, we can assume that Qatar, whether during the reign of Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani or those who succeeded him from the rulers of Al-Thani, did not attack any of the neighboring countries.

Moreover, the wars that took place between Qatar and some of its neighbors were in defense of the country and its independence.

Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani continued to rule the country until his death in December 1878, to be succeeded by his son, Crown Prince Sheikh Qasim bin Mohammed Al Thani.