Mucormycosis with extensive cranial nerveinvolvement as the first presentation of diabetes mellitus : a case report

Abstract EN

Mucor mycosis, a rare fungal infection, mainly affects individuals with diabetes mellitus and those who were immunocompromised and has a high mortality rate.

Its most common presentation is similar to that of acute bacterial sinusitis with symptoms of nasal congestion, headache, and fever.

The involvement of multiple cranial nerves in mucormycotic was rarely reported in the literature and indicates severe disease.

Herein, we report the case of a 56-year-old man who was referred to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic for facial nerve palsy.

He was treated with systemic steroids for 10 days with no improvement.

On examination, he had a loss of vision and a frozen orbit due to involvement of cranial nerves II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII.

An extensive workup revealed a hemoglobin A1C of 10%.

However, he was never diagnosed with diabetes mellitus previously and denied any of the classical symptoms of diabetes mellitus.

He underwent ethmoidectomy, maxillectomy omy, and drainage of an infraorbital abscess after appropriate imaging studies.

Histopathology con firmed the diagnosis of mucormycotic, and the patient was started on systemic amphotericin B.

This case emphasizes the importance of screening for diabetes mellitus.

Early recognition of underlying diabetes mellitus in this patient may have prevented the development of mucormycosis along with its devastating complications.