Legal frame of nuclear and radiological programs in general and the Egyptian programs in particular : part 2. Egyptian nuclear and radiological programs

Abstract EN

In Part, 1 of the current study, the international legal framework of the nuclear and radiation programs in general were discussed.

here the in this part, the Egyptian nuclear and radiation program will be discussed.

Egypt has two nuclear reactors at the site of the Nuclear research center in Anshas, the first research reactor and the second research reactor.

the first research Nuclear reactor (ET-RR-1) was introduced in 1961, with the help of the former Soviet Union.

it was designed to produce I radoisotopes ; and train personnel and technicians.

it is a test reactor only, with a strength of (2 MW), and operates with uranium.

Egypt's second research reactor began to agree on in 1992, and operated in November 1997.

and this is an ideal period for the construction of the reactor.

the maximum reactor capacity is 22 MW.

the Soviet Union linked the first Egyptian reactor to a series of similar reactors in the socialist countries, and was the only supplier of fuel.

although the fuel of this reactor contains an average, enrichment rate of 10% and higher than the ratios used in nuclear plants, which are usually 4 to 5%, the enrichment plants of this fuel made the Soviet Union concentrated within its territory.

as for the first reactor, and the second reactor, Egypt made sure to get a fuel production plant that begins by converting 20% enriched uranium UF-6 into the fuel basket used inside the core of the reactor.

the Egyptian radiological activities include particle accelerators; and gamma irradiation units.

in Egypt there is one cyclotron accelerator located in the Nuclear research center of the atomic energy authority.

the national center for radiation research and technology of the atomic energy authority is located in Nasr City.

also two gamma radiation units are used for sterilization of medical equipment; and sterilization of some food products; as well as in radiation technology research.

the shipment of radioactive materials circulating within Egypt is classified into three basic groups as follows : up a contains fissile material containing uranium-233-235, plutonium-239, and plutonium-241, as well as UF-6 ; hexafluoride uranium, whatever the enrichment rate in uranium; and D2-O ; heavy water.

group B deals with all radioactive sources of high radioactivity.

group C is concerned with low-activity non-fissile material and naturally enriched fissile material.

radioactive materials crossed through the shipping corridor and the Suez Canal in accordance with the considerations contained in law no.

7 of 2010 on the regulation of nuclear and radiological activities, in addition, the executive regulation issued by the decision of the prime minister no.

1326 of 2011, moreover, the IAEA regulations on the safe transport of radioactive materials.