الشك المنهجي الديكارتي : عرض و نقد

Abstract EN

Descartes tried to reach certainties through the bridge of doubts, so he questioned the sensual and mental judgments, and he did not realize that he was practicing destructive judgments during his demolition of those judgments, then he proceeded to build his theory from the platform of abstract thinking, that is : thinking that has no restrictions, then he claimed that thinking necessitates the existence of the thinking self, he did not come to realize this mistake once again, then proceeded to prove the existence of Allah almighty, and referred to proofs, some of which are good in proving, but it is not correct as he only proved two axioms ; which include that he proved the existence of Allah almighty from the angle that doubt is incomplete, and it has not yet been proven-based on his methodology-that doubt is incomplete, and when he proved the existence of Allah the almighty creator, it was a safety valve for him on trusting human knowledge, and that it is never wrong, so this necessitated some exaggeration in the aspects of certainty and infallibility.

it can be noted that descartes' constructive steps are better than his destructive steps, which are the opposite of the Western philosophers' view of them.

in fact, I am certain that had it not been for his destructive steps, many of his constructive steps would have been a subject for inference.