الأصولية الدينية كحركة اجتماعية : دراسة مقارنة بين الثورة الإيرانية و الثورة البولونية

Abstract EN

The aim of this study was to analyze the process of the emergence of religious fundamentalism in Iran and Poland and its transformation into a broad social movement.

We studied religious Fundamentalism in Iran and Poland from the perspective of the triple theoretical model of social movements: resource mobilization, political opportunity, and the process of cultural framing.

The main resource that made of the two countries an ideal place for the emergence and strength of religious fundamentalism consists in the historical role that the religious institutions and traditions had played in shaping the national identity of the Iranian and Polish societies.

As for the political opportunity structure, which refers to the political context in which religious fundamentalist movements emerged, it is characterized by the rule of authoritarian secular regimes, capitalist in Iran and communist in Poland, which aimed at undermining the religious influence in the public sphere as a step the modernization of the country.

The cultural framework formulated by the Iranian and Polish fundamentalist leaders, is based on the mixing of religious complaints with political and economic grievances.

The pioneers of fundamentalist movements in both countries considered that social problems are an inevitable result of the cultural, which consists in the strife between the secular ideology of the state and the religious traditions of the masses.