طرق إنتاج الكتاب المخطوط عند المسلمين ما بين القرنين الثاني والخامس هجري

Abstract EN

Muslims used many methods to produce and manufacture the manuscript book, and they distinguished in writing methods, especially during the period between the second and fifth centuries ah.

and it spread to other nations in the east and west of the earth.

the production of the manuscript book required the presence of many ingredients and procedures to prepare and bring it out to people at the time.

in addition to writing tools and materials, there is the intellectual and religious content that was written down through several methods; most notably the process of authorship and translation, and oral dictation classes, and the scribes had a great role as well.

in developing the production of the manuscript book, both quantitatively and qualitatively, through the profession of al-Waraaqa, as this period (2-5 AH / 8-11 AD) witnessed a very large intellectual production, which none of the previous nations knew.