تباين المقومات الجغرافية لهور الحمار و انعكاساتها في التنمية المستدامة : دراسة باستخدام (GIS)‎ للمدة (2011-2021)‎

Abstract EN

Sustainable development is the process of using resources to meet human needs while preserving the environment.

These resources can be sustained not only for the present but also for future generations.

The marshes are the largest wetland ecosystem dominated by herbaceous plant species.

The marshes form a transition between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

The marshes are often dominated by weeds, grasses, or reeds.

The marshes are home to the inhabitants of the marshes, and there are also important areas of wildlife.

The Hammar Marsh is one of the largest and most balanced natural systems in the world, linking the governorates of Basra and Dhi Qar in Iraq.

It has an area of 2411 km2.

During the construction of dams that prevent the arrival of the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to feed them, as well as being in areas characterized by a hot, dry climate, The marshes still possess many of the ingredients that contribute to achieving sustainable development.

It has fertile soil that helps in the cultivation of various types of crops.

The most important of which is rice cultivation.

Reeds and papyrus grow in the marshes, and it is an environment that attracts rare types of migratory birds.

The marsh is a good tourist resource that has contributed to attracting tourists from inside and outside Iraq.

It can be developed through the establishment of hotels and the building of their service centers.

Thus increasing the population's interest in the region.

It is important to develop their environment and adhere to it, reduce migration, and mitigate the problem of desertification of productive lands.

This study focuses on the application of the concept of sustainable development.

It focuses on human, economic, and environmental potentials and integration.

Also, how are that reflections on the Hammar Marsh in the present and the future.

The use of remote sensing and analysis of satellites are showing of water cover has increased in recent years (2019-2020).

Its rate has reached between (19% -21%), which is the impact of this on soil moisture.

On another hand, the increase in the area of natural vegetation reached between (21% -28%).

This is the impact of this on the population numbers, as the villages surrounding the Hammar Marsh.

Which has witnessed a population increase in recent years after the re-flooding of the marshes.