Measuring the polite request strategies used by Iraqi University students females

Abstract EN

Politeness with socio-pragmatic issues mean to derive a number of basic theoretical notion and to find evidence of politeness in linguistic forms.

Politeness means showing awareness and consideration of another person's face.

In this study of linguistic politeness, the most relevant concept is ''face''.

Your face in pragmatics is your public self-image, and the face has two main types (face –threatening act and face-saving act).

The linguistic politeness realized by means of formulaic, ritualized, and semi-formulaic utterances.

These utterances are divided into three layers; locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary.

Politeness has four types of strategies: bald on- record, positive, negative and off- record indirect strategy.

This study depends on speech act either direct or indirect.

Speech act is a term used to describe actions such as 'requesting', 'commanding', 'questioning ', or 'informing'.

The speech act includes two parts; direct means without politeness and indirect with politeness.

The illocutionary utterance is divided into five categories: representatives, directives, comissives, expressives and declaratives.

Also the speech act of request is one of the speech act studies that have attracted much attention and there are two main types of requests: head act, peripheral modification devices and this modification includes two kinds; internal and external.