Histopathological and serological assessment of using rib lamb xenograft reinforced with and without hydroxyapatite nano gel for reconstruction tibial bone defect in dogs

Abstract EN

This work aimed to assess repairing tibial bone defects using histopathological and serological examinations.

Eighteen stray adult dogs of both sexes were used.

The experiment was allocated into two equal groups, 9 of each.

An experimental tibia defect of 2.5*0.7 cm was induced at the proxomedial aspect of the tibia.

Deproteinized lamb's rib xenograft was used to reconstitute the defective area.

The tissue and blood samples were collected for histopathological and serological investigations at different periods.

On day seven post-surgery, the serological assessment indicated a significant increase in the level of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) of both the first and second groups, 0.2+0.03, 0.3+0.02 ng/ml, respectively; however, after 14 days, the levels were significantly reduced in both groups 0.08 0.03, 0.2+0.02 ng/ml, respectively.

On day 7, the serum alkaline phosphatase level in the first group was lower, 31.6+3 u/1, than in the treated group, 54.2 1.86 u/l.

However, at 14 days post-surgery, the serum alkaline phosphatase level in the first group slightly increased by 35.7+2.1 u/l; nevertheless, the treated group manifested a constant level of 54.1+5.24 u/l.

At 60 days post-operation, the histopathological examination presented more organized tissue maturation in the second group.

The histochemical results of all specimens of the hydroxyapatite group revealed an increase in calcified bone by showing a red reaction which indicates the formation of thick calcified compact bone at 60 days post defects.

In conclusion, the hydroxyapatite Nano gel contributed to ossification across the bone defect and hastened the healing process; the serological investigations indicated an increase in the activity of bone tissue.