Impact of the 2020 Mediterranean storm 'dragon storm' on chocolate spot disease, growth, and yield of faba bean in Egypt

Abstract EN

To study the impact of the 2020 Mediterranean storm “dragon storm” on chocolate spot disease, growth, and yield of Faba bean in Egypt, field experiment using Faba bean cultivars namely Giza 843, Sakha 1 and Giza 40 was carried out during seasons 2019 / 2020 and 2020 / 2021 at Etay el-Baroud agricultural research station farm, el-Beheira governorate.

in the first season, the rain ranged between 1 / 3 / 2020- 11 / 3 / 2020 from 0.00 to 0.38 mm day-1 but suddenly on 12 / 3 / 2020 heavy rain (26.3 mm day-1), thunderstorms and floods were happened.

also the relative humidity recorded 82.08, 79.43 and 69.10% on 12 / 3, 13 / 3 and 14 / 3 / 2020.

at the same time the maximum temperature decreased on 12 / 3 and 13 / 3 / 2020 to 20.16 and 21.80°c, respectively compared with 25.52°c on 11 / 3.

after 5 days from the beginning the storm, the disease severity increased sharply but Giza 843 had the least value followed by Sakha 1 then Giza 40 with averages of 23.70, 28.89 and 43.70%, respectively and increased with increasing the periods.

in contrast in the second season, the disease severity showed normal averages being 8.15, 8.12 and 10.62% with the previous cultivars, respectively.

using quadratic correlation, there were positive strong correlations between disease severity and rain (mm) and the relative humidity%.

Giza 40 was the earliest in the flowering and maturing dates significantly followed by another two cultivars (Sakha 1 and Giza 40).

Giza 843 cv.

had the best value of plant height with an average of 94.33 cm and exceeded Sakha 1 and Giza 40 significantly in the number of branches / plant, number of pods / plant, seed yield / plant (g), seed yield / plot (kg) and seed yield / Feddan (Ardab) with averages of 3.68, 17.97, 32.11, 4.26 and 16.55, respectively.