الخصائص المناخية لمحافظتي نينوى والبصرة المؤثرة في السياحة

Abstract EN

This study dealt with the extent of the impact of the climatic elements affecting tourism, as it was found through the study the climatic station of the study area, represented by the stations (Tal Afar، Sinjar, Mosul and Basra), through the symptoms of the climatic elements in the two governorates covered by the study, and according to their temporal trends and spatial characteristics, it became clear to us that they are heading in a manner statistically proven through the statistical significance of the Mann Kandel coefficient to test the trend، as these elements were found to tend to decrease in the hours of solar brightness affected by the phenomenon of solar dimming resulting from aerosols and atmospheric pollution, while the temperature was found to tend to rise in the maximum and minimum temperatures.

as for wind speed, it has tended towards a downward climate change، this decrease continues on the amounts of rain and relative humidity, and thus we suggest these changes in climatic elements to the warming climate that many bodies suggested, especially the ipcc, as climate change is directly attributed and indirect to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and is a factor adding to the natural climate variability observed in comparable time periods.

in this research, we tested the changes statistically, during which the climate change counted the occurrence of a change in the trend) of the elements and climatic phenomena determined statistically above and below the average compared to two or more consecutive relatively long periods, and that this change in the climate will be imprinted on the natural environment, leaving tangible effects such as the phenomenon of drought, for example.

what concerns us in this study from the changes of these climatic elements is how this general trend of climatic elements affects the tourism activity in both governorates included in the study, and accordingly in general, the temperature and its rise with relative humidity affect the movement and development of tourism.

most tourists want a climate that is characterized by moderate heat and accompanied by moderate humidity.

the areas with a temperature between (12-25°c) and a relative humidity of (40-60%) are the ideal areas for tourist activity، as the hot and cold air directly affects human comfort and tourists in particular.

through the results of this research and the indicators of climate change elements that we obtained in the trends of climatic elements, it can be confirmed that their effects are linked with the tourism activity in the two governorates to be studied, as such changes and trends in climate elements must have a negative (positive) impact on the pattern of tourism and the movement of tourists، we solicit key words: solar radiation، temperature، relative humidity, precipitation,، wind speed and direction.